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Course Outline

Introduction

Cluster Setup

  • Use network security policies to restrict cluster-level access
  • Apply CIS benchmarks to review the security configuration of Kubernetes components (etcd, kubelet, kubedns, kubeapi)
  • Properly configure Ingress objects with security controls
  • Protect node metadata and endpoints
  • Minimize the use of and access to GUI elements
  • Verify platform binaries before deployment

Cluster Hardening

  • Restrict access to the Kubernetes API
  • Utilize Role-Based Access Controls (RBAC) to minimize exposure
  • Carefully manage service accounts, e.g., disable defaults and minimize permissions on new ones
  • Keep Kubernetes updated frequently

System Hardening

  • Reduce the host OS footprint to shrink the attack surface
  • Minimize IAM roles
  • Limit external network access
  • Properly utilize kernel hardening tools such as AppArmor and seccomp

Minimizing Microservice Vulnerabilities

  • Establish appropriate OS-level security domains using PSP, OPA, and security contexts
  • Effectively manage Kubernetes secrets
  • Employ container runtime sandboxes in multi-tenant environments (e.g., gvisor, kata containers)
  • Implement pod-to-pod encryption using mTLS

Supply Chain Security

  • Minimize base image footprint
  • Secure your supply chain by whitelisting allowed image registries, and signing and validating images
  • Conduct static analysis of user workloads (e.g., Kubernetes resources, Dockerfiles)
  • Scan images for known vulnerabilities

Monitoring, Logging, and Runtime Security

  • Analyze behavioral patterns of syscall processes and file activities at the host and container levels to detect malicious activity
  • Identify threats across physical infrastructure, applications, networks, data, users, and workloads
  • Detect all phases of an attack, regardless of origin or propagation path
  • Conduct deep analytical investigations to identify bad actors within the environment
  • Ensure container immutability at runtime
  • Use Audit Logs to monitor access

Summary and Conclusion

Requirements

  • CKA (Certified Kubernetes Administrator) certification

Audience

  • Kubernetes practitioners
 21 Hours

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